What is this process called? )panic disorder. a. )overestimating the consistency of behavior from one situation to another. a. genomes. b. b.)neurogenesis. X-ray. )fear dangerous animals. Thus, genes are said to be: Dr. Miller is studying the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection. a. )frontal lobes c.)catatonia It is difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of psychotherapy because: b. a. d.)major depressive disorder. providing hindsight explanations for human behaviors. d.)clients never speak kindly about their therapists. )double helix. . )gender typing. Your friend yells at you for being five minutes late for lunch. c.)disruptions in conscious awareness. The threadlike structures that contain genes are called. a greater proportion of women than men are left-handed. Identical twins separated at birth and raised in completely different cultures would be most likely to have similar: We are likely to ________ the personality similarities among children in the same family and we are likely to ________ the personality similarities between parents and their children, At the age of 3 months, Kevin is removed from the home of his abusive biological parents and placed with adoptive parents who provide a happy, stable environment. a. b. c.)73 Researchers have found that matching Asian-American clients with counselors who share their cultural values facilitates: In which of the following countries do people generally prefer to maintain the largest personal space? Reinforcements, like praise from caregivers, are the most powerful motivator for most children. B) describe how experimental hypotheses were derived from basic psychological principles. a. )other's pursuit of their self-interest can harm our well-being. )flat affect. a. c.)chameleon effect. This disorder is called: This best illustrates natural selection. the way that genes solely create our personalities. d. )the motivation to fulfill one's potential. c.)Amy effectively cope with a seasonal pattern for major depressive disorder. b. d.)meta-analysis. left-handers generally demonstrate less artistic competence than right-handers. c.)in reaction to abnormalities in brain chemistry. D) genome research. d.)Thomas, who has the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. e. d.)conditioning. a.)serotonin. b. )"objectivity does not guarantee validity", You are an expert witness for the defense results of the MMPI. a.)rumination. )more people are biologically predisposed to fear guns than to fear snakes. a. a. )illustrate neural plasticity. our awareness of ourselves and our environment. b. d.)mood linkage. b. a. b. He hears voices, has disturbed emotions, and his behavior is very bizarre and erratic. )pictures of "crazy" people. She might be treated with: )unconditional love and acceptance )None of these would be an explanation for why your friend yelled at you. d.)interpersonal psychotherapy. Cognitive therapists are most likely to emphasize that emotional disturbances result from: b. C. behavior genetics. d.)the placebo effect. forties. c.)electroconvulsive therapy c.)schizotypal personality disorder. Contrary to finding a middle-aged man and behavior often emphasized sex with emotional closeness psychology of dating prospects. a. c.)a smaller cerebral cortex. )bipolar disorder. b. She nearly killed herself by slitting her wrists. Incorrect natural selection. )an external locus of control. d.)empathy. This best illustrates the impact of gender typing Which of the following is NOT a reason for Gwen to be in this situation? c.)are genetically predisposed. His excess of inappropriate behavior is known as: b. Victor's mother is frustrated because she cannot get Victor involved in any activities. c.)The people in the untreated group do not get better, while in the psychotherapy group about a third of the people get better, about a third deteriorate, and about a third remain unchanged. teens. a. Six-year-old Tommy wants his hair cut and combed like his father's. d.)obsessive-compulsive disorder. d.)client-centered therapy. d.)very rough guidelines for diagnosing mental disorders. The ___________ model assumes that mental disorders have physical causes that can be diagnosed and treated. e. c.)EMDR c.)depression. Oxygen deprivation at the time of birth is a known risk factor for: DSM-5 provides mental health professionals with: Nancy's therapist is an active listener who often paraphrases what she says. b. d.)borderline. Forty-six chromosomes are located within every human: Genes form templates for the production of: The human genome has about 3 billion pairs of: Evolutionary psychologists emphasize that environmentally adaptive behaviors are those that have promoted: The prevalence of genetically predisposed traits which have a reproductive advantage is best explained in terms of: If a genetic predisposition to fear darkness contributes to reproductive success, that trait will likely be passed on to subsequent generations. b. Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to human: genetic mutations.. What do psychologists who study evolution search for? )cognitive dissonance theory. f. Given that AAA has occurred, what is the probability that B4B_4B4 occurs? Consciousness is d.)1 week, A patient recently admitted to the hospital is complaining of auditory hallucinations. sperm or eggs. )generalized anxiety disorder. Because Marla is the first girl in her fourth-grade class to sexually mature, she is sometimes teased and rejected by her classmates. d.)nicotine can temporarily decrease norepinephrine, a neurotransmitter overabundant in people with depression. Which of the following procedures has typically resulted in patients becoming permanently lethargic? )Freud's psychoanalysis. In the evolutionary view, any animal's brain and body are composed of mechanisms designed to work . This behavior is best understood in terms of: However, she does want to gain insight into the roots of her difficulties. The evolutionary perspective suggests that this tendency to dwell on the negative more than the positive is simply one way the brain tries to keep us safe. Infographic: Evolutionary medicine can transform biomedicine and public health. )a flat affect )attitudes toward and interaction with school authorities. 120 seconds. Sharon was admitted to the hospital with severe depression. c.)interpreting the meaning of clients' nonverbal behaviors. a. This most strongly suggests that dissociative identity disorder may involve: )both a common language for labeling psychological disorders and comprehensive guidelines for diagnosing them. )systematic desensitization. In contrast to Freud, which of the following did psychoanalyst Karen Horney emphasize as important during personality development? )generalized anxiety disorder answer choices. e. prenatal development. This variation in an inherited trait is due to: What do psychologists who study evolution search for? d. parietal lobes An evolutionary psychologist would be likely to suggest that human preferences for sweet-tasting foods: a. Naima washes her hands about 50 times a day because she is afraid of the germs that seem to be everywhere. This is most likely due to: Diane suffers from a(n): The only reason she survived is because her husband came home from work early. c. a. )generalized anxiety disorder )do not increase; do not increase Dr. Miller is most likely a (n): a) evolutionary psychologist. a. c. Research on left-handedness suggests that c.)roles. The process involves encoding, storing and retrieval. d.)molecular geneticist. This best illustrates the potentially harmful influence of, A stimulating environment is most likely to facilitate the development of a child's, Research on brain development suggests that repeated learning experiences seem to, a. strengthen neural connections at the location that processes the experiences, Jason was born with cataracts in both eyes. d.)social facilitation. Under hypnosis, they typically expressed a second personality when prompted to do so by the examining psychiatrist. c.)generalized anxiety disorder. Sep. 30. )cognitive dissonance. b. b. Oct. 2. a.)cognitive. e. e. We are interested in the population proportion of people who feel the president is doing an acceptable job. d.)automatically taking our usual exit off the highway because we are so preoccupied by our thoughts that we forget about our plans to go to a different destination. While Thomas disagrees with his boss, he laughs at the joke anyway to gain her approval. The following are the 7 approaches to psychology. occipital lobes a. shyness; social group. Which Viewpoint would John Watson Most Likely Agree with? )83 d.)the attitudes-follow-behavior principle, Following the introduction of school desegregation in the United States and the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, White Americans expressed ___________ racial prejudice. Wendy could best be described as: a. d.)diminishing, Cynthia thinks that her new neighbor is mean and snobbish. underestimating gender differences in mate selection. a. b. b. Thus, her behavior is the result of: What scientist contributed to evolutionary theory? humanistic psychologists a historically significant perspective that emphasized human growth potential. a. Which of the following pairings can be most easily explained by evolutionary psychology? )evolutionary psychologists. b. )are at decreased risk for antisocial behavior. She will set up a learning laboratory, and have participants deliver loud blasts of sound as punishment for incorrect answers (given by a confederate of the researcher). d.)cell nucleus. Lars is an excellent violinist. C) behavior genetics. Although EP has yielded many theoretical advances and empirical discoveries, it has provoked resistance from some scholars in the social sciences ( Confer et al., 2010; Laland and Brown, 2011 ). )obsessions d. d.)our attitudes and actions clash. medulla D) overestimating cultural differences in human sexual behaviors. )light exposure therapy. The Psycho dynamic Approach. c.)overly permissive child-rearing practices. b. b.)types. )mirror-image perceptions. )foot-in-the-door phenomenon. )the placebo effect. a. )medulla b. a.)obsessions. b. d.)dissociative identity disorder. b. Evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to predict that: Caring for one's appearance does not depend on gender, and older people worry as much about . b. the percentage of differences in intelligence among a group of individuals that is attributable to genetics. c.)agoraphobia. d.)dissociation. )Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), _____ test is a projective personality test in which people tell what they see in a series of symmetrical inkblots. )the double-blind technique. Since the beginnings of philosophical thought, the question of the nature and origin of pain has developed. Thomas' behavior illustrates: b. )waking up from a nap and momentarily thinking that a dream event really happened a.)transference. )obsessive-compulsive disorder. Her friends are worried because she no longer shows interest in her normal social activities. b) the X chromosome. b. b. According to Carl Jung, the collective unconscious: d.)molecular genetics. This best illustrates racial differences in, The heritability of intelligence refers to. a. He also wants a new cap, shirt, and sweater to match his father's. )learned helplessness. b. a. hemispherectomy. )maternal instinct Gina has worked as a human resources specialist for several years, but she doesn't really like the job. d.)fundamental attribution error. Evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to predict that A) more people are biologically predisposed to fear guns than to fear snakes. )if adopted children's adoptive parents have schizophrenia, they will, too. Mar. c.)mild depression. )All of these things cause you to start smiling. b.)deindividuation. c.)social facilitation. b. Evolutionary psychologists would most likely explain this in terms of sex differences in: Professor Archibald suggests that men are more likely than women to initiate casual sex because this has proven to be a more successful reproductive strategy for men than for women. The market prices of the investments are, AmericanInstrumentsbonds$850,000M&DCorporationbonds$1,460,000(Hint:Interestmustbeaccrued. b. b. The principles of evolutionary psychology would suggest that parents experience the strongest grief over the deaths of their: Compared with men, women are ________ likely to read pornographic material and ________ likely to refuse direct requests for casual sex. c.)1 in 10 Amanda blames herself for her recent job loss. c.)objective scoring; subjective scoring D-cycloserine helps relieve the symptoms of: \hline A & 0.09 & 0.22 & 0.15 & 0.20 \\ chromosomes. c.)social control. d.)7 in 10. )unconscious Discuss. b. b. Evolutionary psychologist studies human behaviour using informed biological approaches and modern evolutionary perspective. b.)deindividuation. )people often enter therapy in crisis, and these crises often pass without professional help. c.)3 weeks ", Personality inventories are to _______________ as projective tests are to _______________. Define the random variables XXX and PP^{\prime}P in words. )negative symptoms. a.)self-disclosure. b. d.)projective, According to Freud, this part of the personality represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment and for future aspirations. )preconscious a. Frank was seen laughing inappropriately in the library and he appeared to be responding to internal stimuli. In front of an audience, he tends to play his violin even more beautifully than when he is alone. a. )panic attacks. Historically there have been a variety of models used to explain psychological disorders. d.)conscious, b. d.)light exposure therapy. In a study examining the genetic influences on antisocial personality disorder, Adrian Raine compared the PET scans of murderers' brains to the brains of non-murderers of the same age and sex. The company buys debt securities, intending to profit from short-term differences in price and maintaining them in an active trading portfolio. a. Epigenetics refers to the )Employed men spend an hour less on housework. c. c. a. a. a. c.)normative social influence. evolutionary psychology, the study of behaviour, thought, and feeling as viewed through the lens of evolutionary biology. b. d. a. c.)cognitive dissonance phenomenon. )have hindered human reproduction. Yet, it is based on ideas that go back at least to the 1800s. Why?Because people are greedy.) B) epigenetics. c.)Asperger syndrome )cultural practices. d.)schizophrenia. b. )token economy. c.)2:1. c.)genuineness. a. )Thorazine a. The men of America are struggling. d.)erotic plasticity. c.)interpersonal psychotherapy. The BLS does not specifically identify evolutionary psychology as a separate field, however, the American Psychological Association places the annual yearly salary for experimental psychology - a closely related field - at a range of $76,090-$116,343. d.)schizophrenia. B1B2B3B4A0.090.220.150.20AC0.030.100.090.12\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|} b. c.)behavioral consistency. b. The stability of personality during adulthood is best evaluated by: humanistic psychology, a movement in psychology supporting the belief that humans, as individuals, are unique beings and should be recognized and treated as such by psychologists and psychiatrists. fifties. d.)groupthink. d.)Xanax. Sold the Distribution Transformers bonds for $425,000. Trait theorists have been criticized for a. They vandalized the opposing team's field and the police had to be called in. )Darlene effectively cope with posttraumatic stress disorder. A. larger bodies Cognitive dissonance theory emphasizes that we seek to reduce the discomfort we feel when we become aware that: d.)phobias. a. B) children are more likely to be valued by their biological fathers than by theirstepfathers. After three days of taking a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) Dennis is disappointed because he is not feeling any better. c.)normative social influence. This suggestion best illustrates, Evolutionary psychologists suggest that when compared to women, men are ________ concerned with maintaining a youthful appearance and ________ concerned with achieving social power, Jack aspires to become a corporate executive because he wants to earn a huge salary. Evolutionary psychology is most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to 4) reproductive success. At about age 11 in girls and age 13 in boys, a surge of sex hormones triggers the onset of: )less curiosity about their environment. Stephen Ilardi and his colleagues have developed training seminars promoting therapeutic lifestyle change. ____ 53. But most days, he sits in a chair with no expression on his face. b. c.)"It works better on females than on males." The threadlike structures that contain genes are called Marla's sense of social isolation and embarrassment result from the interaction of, Molecular geneticists would be most interested in studying. B. sexual anatomy. )the bystander effect. a. b. )the trait perspective. )63 c.)Employed men spend about an hour and a half more per day working than do employed women. )Shanghai No investments were held by Ornamental on December 31, 2020. )social anxiety disorder. The shared human genetic profile is called the: d.)the therapeutic alliance. d.)posttraumatic stress disorder. c.)epigenetic molecule. Her therapist suggests that her depression results from this self-blame, rather than blame of the slumping economy. b.)acceptance. c.)systematic desensitization. d.)bipolar disorder. d.)All of these things classify Naima's behavior as a psychological disorder. Material from the introduction and chapters 1, 4, and 5 has been taken from the following essays by Marcus Nordlund: "Theorising Early Modern Jealousy: A Biocultural Perspective on Shake-speare's Othello," Studia Neophilologica 74, no. d.)being unaware of the fact that she has an eating disorder, _____ can be described as the use of psychological techniques to increase understanding and treat emotional, behavioral, and interpersonal problems. The best way to detect enlarged fluid-filled brain regions in some patients who have schizophrenia is to use a(n) c.)physical exercise. e. c.)20 percent. b. food preferences. a. a. )maladaptive disorder b. )neurogenesis, transference, and posttraumatic growth. Because he believes that "real men have no fears," 8-year-old George has difficulty accepting the fact that his father is fearful of losing his job. Virtual reality exposure therapy is most likely to prove effective in the treatment of: b. b. )generalized anxiety disorder. One cluster expresses anxiety, such as that exhibited in ______________ personality disorder. Twin studies suggest that Alzheimer's disease is influenced by, Which brain structure might be most active when answering the question "What do the following words have in common: plane, butter, insect? )The behavior is deviant for someone whose work does not demand it. Her selective attention is deficient, she is unable to ignore irrelevant stimuli, and she often gives her undivided attention to minute stimuli (for example, a spotlight shining in a window). In this paper, we analyze the findings of biology and evolutionary medicine to better understand the phenomenon of pain . d.)hindsight bias. c.)panic disorder. )fundamental attribution error. )posttraumatic growth. )both a common language for labeling psychological disorders and comprehensive guidelines for diagnosing them. e. 5 min read. Which of the following has been demonstrated to provide relief for those who suffer from a seasonal pattern of depression symptoms? )a smaller number of synapses. c.)children are more likely to be safely cared for by biological fathers than by their stepfathers. The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior is known as A) molecular genetics. b) molecular geneticist. It has been suggested that men in all cultures tend to marry women younger than themselves because they are naturally attracted to female features associated with youthful fertility. )love their own children. a. )the bystander effect. religious beliefs. Alex's behavior suggests that he is in the _____ stage of psychosexual development. nature and nurture. d.)obsessive-compulsive disorder. a. Client-centered therapists emphasize the importance of: b.)self-actualization. d Concepts of masculinity and femininity that influence our comprehension of the world are called gender: She is constantly worried about her home life even when she is at work. According to Carl Rogers, an attitude of total acceptance toward another person is known as: Which of the following is a key characteristic of her eating disorder? a. )maladaptive Although numerous individual studies have attempted to link child-parent attachment and prosociality, a systematic picture of that relationship requires a meta-analytic approach that considers different dimensions of prosociality and potential moderators. )binge eating and purging by self-induced vomiting The chances for recovery from schizophrenia are considered to be greatest when the disorder develops: Third, most versions of Marxist theory gave greater emphasis to human agency or ability consciously to shape the direction of social change than was typical of evolutionary theory. genomes. 31. b.)1:1. c.)schizophrenia. c. Evolutionary psychology is the observation of behavior, concept, and feeling as regarded through the lens of evolutionary biology. C) underestimating gender differences in mate selection. d.)She can make the participants think she is unsure of her role as an authority figure. a. People with this personality disorder are so fearful of rejection that it predisposes them to withdraw from society. b. This approach to treatment best illustrates: c.)the need to belong. Adoptive parents are most likely to influence the ________ of their adopted children. b. It only arises after basic psychological and physiological needs are met and self-esteem is achieved. B. evolutionary psychology. b. c.)generalized anxiety disorder. d.)including eating disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and social anxiety disorder as mental disorders. )medical model. Dr. Pimler is conducting a study on a new antipsychotic medication. a. hormones. Briefly identify the agencys financial situation by answering the following questions. )self-blaming and overgeneralized explanations of bad events. a.)asexual. c.)resilience. The underlying assumption is that a demanding situation results in psychological distress and strain when decision latitude and control over characteristics of the situation are insufficient (e.g., Karasek et al. The old dogma has always been that the most complex aspects of human emotions are driven by culture; Germans and English are thought to be straight-laced whereas Italians and Indians are effusive. Her judgment best illustrates: a. Helene and Victoire are more likely than Taro and Kiichi to be similar in, Studies of identical twins who had been reared apart most clearly highlight the importance of ________ in personality development. )observational learning. d.)posttraumatic stress disorder, In one study (Seal et al., 2007) of 103,788 veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan, _____ percent were diagnosed with a psychological disorder, in which the most frequent diagnosis was posttraumatic stress disorder. Parents should not take too much blame for the failures and shortcomings of their children because: d. parental behavior is only one of many factors that influence children's behavior, Those who inappropriately attribute children's troubling personality traits to inadequate parental nurture should be reminded of the importance of, Identical twins who have separate placentas are somewhat less similar than identical twins who share a placenta. )biological psychologist. Bipolar disorder affects women and men in a ratio of: synapses. )partial If Nadine wants to gain insight into current issues, rather than delve into the past, she should try to find a therapist who specializes in: d.)confirmation bias. A researcher who assesses the heritability of intelligence is most likely a(n): Compared to identical twins, fraternal twins are ________ likely to be the same sex and ________ likely to be similar in extraversion. )poverty, unemployment, racism, sexism, and heterosexism. a. a. Psychology should only study the observable and measurable. c.)United States c. However, when examining . a. The remarkable academic and vocational successes of children of the refugee Asian boat people best illustrate the importance of: People are most likely to notice the impact of environmental influences on behavior when confronted by: The ideas and traditions of a culture are typically perpetuated by means of: The practice of covering your mouth when you cough best illustrates the impact of: Even though there are many unoccupied chairs in the library study area, Wang chooses to sit in a chair right next to Annest. c.)increase; do not increase a. d) behavior geneticist. a. c.)delusional thinking. a. )behavior geneticists. a. The baby's temperament is most likely that of a(n): ____ is the proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes. d. heritability. When researchers combine and summarize the results of studies using this strategy, what overall conclusions emerge? factors that trigger us to behave aggressively towards others. but when his son has a fistfight he says, "Did you win?!" Evolutionary psychology is a relatively new branch of the behavioral sciences. a. not realizing that the person may be rushing to get to the hospital. )10 percent. Sep. 1. According to evolutionary psychology all humans share a universal _____ that has survived from a distant past in which we lived in small groups and punished those who directly harmed others. a. a. d. c.)hope, a new perspective, and a caring relationship. Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to human reproductive success Migdalia insists on wearing very feminine-looking outfits because she wants to be treated like a woman. b. d.)only include males in his study. d.)attribution theory, b. b. d. Purchased$1,400,000 of M&D Corporation 6% bonds at face value. d.)schemas. Annest is most likely to feel uncomfortable because Wang has violated her. b. c.)group polarization. a. Ornamentals fiscal year ends on December 31. d.)negative symptoms. d.)moral principle; pleasure principle, Alex is an 8-year-old who plays almost exclusively with the other boys at his grade school. b. Evolutionary psychology maintains that sex differences develop biologically as people adapt to changes in the environment. c.)selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Evolutionary psychologists presume all human behaviours reflect the influence of physical and psychological predispositions that helped human ancestors survive and reproduce. a.)individualism. b. a. c.)dissociative disorder. a. )electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). )disruptive mood dysregulation disorder This is caused by: e. b. b. )Biomedical therapy )4 weeks 2 (2002): 146-60 and "The Problem of Romantic Love: Shakespeare and Evolutionary Psychology" in . d.)autism, b. )sex hormones. C) develop their own theories. d.)not attainable. e. )is the source of sexual and aggressive instinctual drives. c.)are genetically predisposed. c. d.)confirmation bias. )sexual dysfunctions. d.)I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon. chromosomes. b. )5 in 10 Compared with identical twins, fraternal twins are: c.)We can never say what percentage of an individual's personality or intelligence is inherited. )educational goals. Recent brain research contradicts previously held beliefs, indicating that new neurons are actually formed in the brain. As Kevin matures, he will probably develop a, d. higher level of intelligence than that of his biological father. a. d. What is the probability that AAA or B3B_3B3 occurs? If a genetic predisposition to fear darkness contributes to reproductive success, that trait will likely be passed on to subsequent generations. d.)during adolescence or early adulthood. As group leaders, women are ________ likely than men to promote a democratic leadership style. )we have overestimated the impact of personal dispositions on behavior. d.)a negative explanatory style. )obsessive-compulsive disorder. b. The political opinions of adopted children are closer to those of their adopted parents than those of their biological parents. a. b. )people often enter therapy in crisis, and these crises often pass without professional help. The child's chances ________ if the adopted parents have schizophrenia.
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